(1) The CNC system receives the CNC program (NC code). The CNC system receives the CNC program (including part machining program, control parameters, and compensation data) sent by the input device. NC code is an operation instruction automatically generated by NC programmers using CAM software or manually written based on the parameters of the part drawing and production requirements of the product to be machined. It is stored and transmitted in text format.
(2) Translatin the NC code into machine code. The CNC system "translates" the NC code into machine code that the computer can recognize. Machine code is a binary file that can be directly recognized and used by CNC hardware. Simply put, this process is the process of converting information that humans can recognize into information that the CNC can recognize.
(3) Converting machine code into control signals. The CNC system converts the machine code into electrical pulse signals that control the movement of the coordinate axes and the rotation of the spindle, as well as other auxiliary control signals. For example, in a CNC milling machine, the feed signals are feed pulse signals in the three motion directions of the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes. After receiving the feed pulse signals, the servo system drives the servo motor to execute the corresponding motion, and converts the rotation of the servo motor into the translation of the machine tool table through transmission mechanisms such as ball screw and nut pairs, thereby completing the machining operation. Auxiliary control includes starting, stopping, and reversing the spindle.
